![]() All electrons have a spin associated with them, but applying a strong magnetic field parallel to the 2D plane effectively turns it off in 2D electron systems. The model largely held true, but then Kravchenko and his collaborators switched off the spin. ![]() In 2020, the team applied a theory-called dynamical mean-field theory-that quantitatively described the experimental results in a wide range of parameters. According to several theoretical models, a 2D system of strongly interacting electrons should rapidly transition from an insulator-like behavior (resistance grows with decreasing temperature) to a metallic behavior (resistance sharply drops with decreasing temperature) at a predictable temperature around 1 kelvin. ![]() In a paper published in Scientific Reports, they describe an experiment into the resistivity of a slim slice of silicon close to absolute zero. In March, Sergey Kravchenko, a professor of physics at Northeastern University, in Boston, Massachusetts, and eight collaborators threw such a wrench in the works. But every once in a while, an experimental finding forces researchers to question what they thought they knew and re-evaluate accepted theories. Eventually, their work could inform research into quantum computers and exotic materials like room-temperature superconductors. Experimentalists perform measurements, and theorists refine their models based on the results. Progress in solid-state physics tends to occur in increments rather than leaps.
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